Books I'm Reading

If I like a book that I'm reading, I'll post it here. Will try not to post any spoilers.
Showing posts with label Minnesota. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Minnesota. Show all posts

Thursday, April 14, 2022

Fertile Acres Brown Swiss Farm

Yes, it WAS a charmed life for Fertile Acres Brown Swiss Farm. Our farm had a name, you see. And I had sisters to tell me that the sign on our garage said what the name was. It was a real big sign, painted white with black lettering that hung pert 'near across one whole end of our garage. "Fertile Acres Brown Swiss Farm," it said, plain as can be so that when anybody drove out to our farm, they'd know for sure where they were. And if that wasn't where they meant to go, they'd have to just turn right around and drive back up the little hill and around the corner and keep on going because there wasn't anybody that lived past our farm.

If a farm had a sign with the farm's name on it, seemed to me like that farm had to be kind of a big deal. Maybe kind of a fancy farm. Leastwise, that's how I figured it. And nobody ever told me any different. Of course, I never asked.

When my dad packed all of us into our big blue station wagon for a Sunday afternoon drive, I kept an eye out for farms with their name printed on a sign. I couldn't read yet, but a sign was a sign. Those Sunday afternoon drives were kind of a dirty job for me, (that's what my dad called it when he had to get his hands real dirty) but that was because of the station wagon and my seat in the car. I got to ride way in the very farthest back part of the car, next to the rear window. There were no seats back there either, so you see, once again, I didn't get a chair to sit on. Not for eating at the table and not for riding in the car. But I didn't complain about it. (I didn't complain about much back then...okay, maybe mosqpuito bites but that's about it. And yes, my brother, Fordyce with his extra long arms, but that's just about it.) The reason I said it was a dirty job was because of the gravel roads and the dust that floated around inside the car. There must have been an awful lot of cracks we couldn't see in that car. But even though it was really dusty inside, I kept on looking for farms with signs. And I don't remember ever finding another one!

The "Fertile Acres Brown Swiss Farm" sign played a part in one of my earliest childhood memories.It's about my big sisters doing yet another thing together. 

You see, my sisters did a lot of things together, it seemed to me.  Here are some of them.They tied scarves over their hair after supper and followed my dad to the barn to milk cows by hand. (Mom called the scarves skauts. That's Norwegian for scarf. The scarves were supposed to keep their hair from smelling like a cow but I don't know if that really worked.) My sisters piled hay in the hayloft together. They picked rocks off the fields in the springtime. They went to 4-H meetings and played softball together. They sang in the church choir and they went to Luther League together. (In case you don't know what Luther League is, this is what I figured out all by myself. Luther League is a kind of club at church, like the Mickey Mouse Club, except that it was only for teenage Lutherans. A kid went to Luther League after they were too old for Sunday School.) The sisters even sang together just for fun. A lot of people thought they were pretty good at it, too. As far as I know. At least, they said so.  

The day that I remember was really hot and it must have been in between first and second crop, or between second and third crop hay. I think that because it seemed like on our farm, there was somebody puttin' up hay all summer long, except on that day. That day, my sisters were not stacking hay. In fact, they weren't doing anything but laying around!

Mary Lou was probably the oldest of my sisters that were still living on the farm at that time.
At least, I think so. She was pert 'near grown up far as I could tell. After her came Betty Jean and then Vernice. Fordyce came after Vernice but I don't remember anything about him that day. He might a' thought what we were doing was a "girl only" kind of thing.

 

The sisters had changed into their swimsuits upstairs in the bedroom with the two double beds, so I followed them and I changed, too. Then they spread themselves out on the lawn to bake. We had a large lawn on the farm, big enough to play softball. The yard was the first thing that a visitor would see when they drove to our farm. And of course, our great big sign, "Fertile Acres Brown Swiss Farm." My sisters lay on the grass below the sign, soaking up the sun.

I thought it was a useless thing to lay on the grass to get a tan. Oh, and get this...first they smeared baby oil on their skin which made them all shiny and slippery. I wasn't about to get too close to any of them when they were wearing baby oil. They did smell nice, though. They talked to each other a little. They talked about "getting a tan." They talked about getting rid of their farmer tans. It made "farmer tans" sound like a bad thing. And what did the kids living in town call their tans? I'd never worried about getting a tan and I wasn't about to start right then. Tan skin just happened when you weren't even thinking about it. There they lay, like they were afraid the sun wouldn't hit the right places if they moved. The only movement was the sweating and there was a lot of that going on. 

My sisters invited me to lay down on the grass with them and be still, but I didn't want to. There was no breeze when you lay down. How had they not noticed? But they would a' missed my company so I stayed. I skipped around between them, chattering. I had an awful lot to say in those days. Probably helpful questions like, "Aren't you hot yet? Is it time to roll over and get the other side? Do you want a glass of water? Should I go get you a cookie?" The angle with that question was that once my hand was in the cookie jar, nobody would notice if an extra cookie went missing. But no, they didn't need me to do anything for them.
                                                                   
As it happened, a man, (but maybe there were two of them, I don't remember that part) came out to the farm and climbed up the Highline poles that day. He had a job of some kind up there--no idea what it might have been, but there he was, high up in the air, hanging onto a pole right next to our lawn. Below him were my long-legged sisters, working on their tans. They ignored that man up on the pole. Didn't even wave. It was like he wasn't even there. Even being shiny like they were, it would a' been nice to wave. Even if they did have farmer tans, it's always good to be polite. 

When mom called us in to eat dinner, she and dad were chuckling about the man on the Highline pole. Sayin' something about how "the poor man was having a hard time keeping his mind on his work. Things were going to end up crooked up there." Dad said he was probably distracted by the view and I could see why. You just didn't see big signs like ours, with the name of the farm on 'em like that every day. No, you sure did not.

Friday, April 8, 2022

A Charmed World

https://www.facebook.com/DriftlessStory/photos/a.109771474950611/137196742208084/
https://www.amazon.com/Ardys-Richards/e/B098SD3S8K?ref_=dbs_p_ebk_r00_abau_000000

At one time, the world as I knew it, was an amazing place with unlimited room for unexpected, out-of-the-ordinary things to happen. It was a long time ago. It was before I went to school. Before I suffered my first big disappointment. Before I found that my dreams of flying were nothing more than that, only dreams. Before I learned that someday I would compare myself to others and find myself wanting. It was my true and real world as a child. The only world that mattered. 

Childhood was glorious in its simplicity. For most of us anyway, and I wish I could say that it was true for all of us. I didn't know how glorious it was at that time, of course. No one does. It's only later, in reflection, that we can think back and realize, "Well, wasn't that just a great way to start off in the world?  Me, as a kid? In fact, it was nothing short of genius." 

This was my world. I was short. I slept in a very large crib in mom and dad's bedroom. I could easily crawl out of it.  My house was populated by tall people. Mostly long-legged girls...soon to become young women but I didn't know that at the time. In my world, they would always be exactly the way they were in my first awareness of them. No more surprising than my place at the supper table where I stood to eat. There weren't enough chairs for all of us. Two parents, one grandmother, and seven children required an awful lot of chairs. More chairs than I knew how to count back then. And clearly, one more chair than we had. This was neither a good thing nor a bad thing. It just was. Just like the houseful of tall people around me.

None of the other children in my pre-school Sunday School class had a whole raft of those tall people living in their houses with them, and you know what? I felt just a little bit bad for them. Figured their houses must have been rather empty. Maybe quiet and dull. I had no idea. What if I were the oldest in a family? Or the second to oldest? I wouldn't know how to behave, I thought. Good thing I was last.

In addition to the long-legged girls in my house, my world was populated with a tall, curly-headed boy with exceptionally long arms. The others were referred to as Sisters, but he was a Brother. I thought it was probably good that I had only the one. As near as I could figure, he'd been granted the unique job of making things challenging for me.  Apparently, that was what a Brother did. None of the other tall people caused me trouble in any way. In fact, everyone else was pretty nice to me. 

In my world, everyone had a job. That seemed to me to be as it should be. Everyone was busy. There were very few disagreements about whose turn it was to do what was asked of them. Maybe a little bit of grumbling by whoever dried the dishes. But that was because when my grandma washed, she liked to pour hot water over the dishes in the drainer, just when they were nearly dry. Some of the Sisters were annoyed by that. I figured grandma knew best.

Mom's job was to cook and clean and do the laundry. She hung the wet clothes out on the line all year round. Her fingers turned red and chapped in the winter especially. She canned peaches and blackberries and vegetables, but it was the peaches and blackberries that were important to me. She fried fish at least once/week and once in a while, made liver, which I could smell from upstairs. She made eleven loaves of bread each week. We had mashed potatoes when we had company, which I would have liked a little more often. In her spare time (meaning, in the evenings while the family watched TV) she made us popcorn. And then she sewed. Often late into the night. There were a lot of us to sew for. Once in a while, I found her napping. I tried not to wake her by tiptoeing into her room very quietly so that I would only wake up one of her eyes.

Dad's job, of course, was making the farm run. He decided things and told us at the supper table what was next. There was no arguing about any of that. When he said, "Well, let's get outside, then," the other tall people got up and went out, too. When it was time to work, it was time to work. Dad milked cows morning and night and three or four of the other Sisters and Brother did, too. Dad could do almost anything on the farm, it seemed, except that he called a neighbor if the tractor needed fixing. He always wore overalls and a straw hat and a white shirt in the summer. He was good to the cows and the pigs and I knew he loved horses even though we didn't have any. He built fences and blew up a stump with dynamite which was really exciting. He could be stern but he made jokes too. When he whistled, we knew he was happy and that made me happy, too.  

Grandma's job was to help with cooking and canning and shelling peas. In the summer, she lived in a separate little house on the next farm. I think she liked having her own place. I stayed overnight sometimes and got to pump water at the cistern. We went to sleep when it started to get dark, so we didn't have to use the kerosene lamp. She took me into the woods with her to pick walnuts and she carried a big long stick in case we came upon a rattlesnake. 

With a houseful of big Sisters and one Brother, there were a lot of things that we could do that would have been nearly impossible at the homes of other kids. Softball, for example. We had enough young people on our farm for a pitcher, a catcher, two runners and two outfielders, while the seventh of the clan (me) would have been the cheering section. (Bats are heavy for four-year-olds.) And in my gilded world, I would have been allowed to run the bases alongside the batter. I admit it was a charmed world. 


Wednesday, February 16, 2022

The Bones of the Plot

https://www.pinterest.com/ardysnbread/driftless-novel-author-ardys-brevig-richards/
https://www.facebook.com/DriftlessStory/photos/a.109771474950611/137196742208084/
https://www.amazon.com/Ardys-Richards/e/B098SD3S8K?ref_=dbs_p_ebk_r00_abau_000000

"I bet it took a long time to write that book," she said to me. Do I count the time "just thinking about it?" 

I've read a lot of articles about the manner in which different authors write a book: Some people map out the entire book in a detailed outline before beginning. Organized people. Some folks write the ending of the book first. They work backward from there. And other people write "by the seat of their pants." They are called "pantsers."

While I am not a fan of the term, I guess I'd have to say I'm a "pantser." I had only a vague outline in my head, and I certainly did not know how the story would end when I began writing. It's not much of a strategy and I don't recommend it, but it seemed to work for me.

Before I began to write I spent a lot of time fleshing out the characters in my head. We were living aboard Northern Star, our sailboat, at that time. In my limited experience as a writer, there is something about a fresh breeze and the boat slicing through the water that clears my head enough to envision make-believe characters.

I thought about the main character first, a protagonist. Who was she? (It had to be a "she," since that is the gender with which I have experience). How old was she? What did she worry about? Why? What did she want? What made her afraid, hopeful, sad, laugh? How did she feel about being the subject of a book? (On that point, the protagonist would remain completely moot throughout the writing). Only after I had a pretty good idea about who that person was did I start thinking about the people in her world.

I found it difficult, however, to imagine the other characters without first imagining where they existed in the world. Without having the setting of the book in mind, my characters just couldn't come to life. I couldn't find them.  I was forced to set aside thinking about the characters for a time to think about the setting. I thought real hard. No matter how I tried to expand my thinking, I kept returning to the topography of my childhood. Tidy little farms perched atop wooded bluffs in southeast Minnesota. Many friends and family members asked me whether my book was going to be about sailing which, of course, would have necessitated the "where" to be on the water. Nah. I'd blogged about sailing for nearly five years in withwaterbelow.blogspot.com. I didn't think I had much more to say about sailing. I realized after the book was written, however, that the title of Driftless made some folks think that I'd changed my mind and wrote about sailing anyhow.

When was my character alive? Placing her in current day Minnesota just didn't seem right. For one thing, I did not want to write about COVID. And I haven't lived in my childhood landscape for many years. In my head, the way things were on the farm when I was a child is the way things still are, or the way they should be anyhow. A lot of things have changed, but I like remembering farming as it once was. I've always liked historical novels, so I wanted to place my story in the past. I can hardly keep up with the present as it is. Since I've needed to have young people demonstrate how to operate my computer, phone, TV... pretty much anything that has buttons and requires a plug-in, the past seems a safer time period to write about.

With those details settled, I still needed to discover what the story would be about. That was the toughest part of all. What would be the plot? What was going to go on with this person and her friends/family in that time and place? There were a lot of scenes that I wanted to write about, but the scenes that I envisioned were not "theme worthy." They were just background snippets relative to the time and place. Rural Minnesota, dairy farm, playing in the haymow, fieldwork, wooded hills, and valleys, and cold spring-fed creeks. Images from my childhood. But what would really happen in this story?

I scoured my later life experiences for topics. I'd spent my career working with patients...with people that don't typically end up being written about. Chronic illness, congenital disorders, and traumatic injuries have not been popular topics in books but they should be, I decided. All around us and among us are people who live with physical, emotional, and mental illnesses or disabilities. I figured that some of those folks should have a place in my story.

With those people in mind, it seemed I was closing in on a plot. Sort of. I started to write some scenes. They were background scenes. "Background," as in scenes that would take place while the major plot was unfolding. My childhood memories and the memories of my siblings just had to find a place to fit into the story. But still, what was the real plot going to be? 

Then one day, while yet living aboard Northern Star, I thought about some of the genealogy research that I'd done in years past. I had explored my maternal and paternal ancestors as far back as I could go. My inability to read Norwegian records was a limiting factor for that side of the family. I enjoyed the genealogical study so much that I went on to research my ancestor's siblings and their families, too. One day I came across a distant relative, a young farmer with a wife and two small children living somewhere in southeastern Minnesota. I found the record of his commitment to Rochester State Hospital, Rochester, Minnesota in the early 1900s. I looked at the next few censuses, hoping to find him living at home again, with his family. As far as I could tell, he never returned home to live.

As a medical social worker, I already knew some of the history behind those enormous state hospitals and other institutions that housed folks with physical and/or mental differences. Those massive institutions were being shut down in the 1950s because that is when psychotropic medications were developed and implemented. Therefore, thousands upon thousands of patients were discharged to community settings—home with family, or foster homes, group homes, or supervised living, but before that? A very different story.

What would it have been like for a child to have a parent sent away to a state hospital to live, perhaps never to be seen again? What would happen to the spouse? What was life like for the patient in the mental hospital? 

And that was how the book began. The bones of the plot were unearthed in 2019. Driftless was published in July 2021 as an eBook and the paperback was published in September 2021.

"Oh, ya," I nodded. "It took a while."


Monday, January 31, 2022

The Sales Pitch

 What comes after a book award? I'm trying to figure that out. 

One thing, however, came immediately after the award--a sense of obligation (to the book) to sell it. Even though I am not a salesperson. Even though I don't enjoy pitching products. Never have.

You see, I worked in a fabric store once. It was many, many years ago before I started graduate school in social work. Although I am a capable seamstress who enjoys picking out just the right fabric for a project of my choosing, I was not by any means, the ideal employee for that fabric store. In fact, I quickly grew to detest selling fabric.

The store was one of those fancy fabric stores (I rather doubt they even exist anymore--haven't seen one like it for decades) where the employee is not a "sales clerk." Oh, no, no...that would be far too paltry a title. I was hired to be a "customer service specialist." The pay was minimum wage, but I was assured that I could double or even triple my take-home pay in commissions. I'm hyperventilating now just thinking about it.   

I was trained by a silver-haired, perfectly coiffed woman in her fifties or sixties. I had little ability to guess the age of my elders in those days. I don't remember her name, but I'll call her Dorothy because it feels right. No doubt Dorothy had had her colors "done" which was quite a popular thing in the 1970s and 80's. She was, unequivocally a 'Winter,' absolutely stunning in her deep reds and purples, vibrant greens and blues. How I envied her color palette.  Sometimes I caught sight of the two of us, side-by-side in one of the store's large mirrors. I tried not to look startled when her richly colored, impeccably tailored clothing in close proximity to my skin made me look sallow. As if I ought to crawl into bed and drink chicken broth until I'd regained my health. Yes, my co-worker, Dorothy was indeed a striking figure. No slouching, freshly applied lipstick after lunch, and always walked like she knew just what she was doing. Which, it turned out, she did.  

Alas, I was a 'Spring' and for a long while, mistakenly thought I was a 'Fall ' which prompted me to wear browns and rusts and golds, entirely wrong for me. As a 'Spring' I was relegated to cool reds and clear blues. I wore my assortment of pull-over sweaters from my college days along with all those leftover mistakes from my 'Fall' days and a dark-colored pair of pants. I rarely wore make-up. As opposed to Dorothy's shiny hair that may or may not have been molded to her head, my hair was a disaster. Thick and curly, even wiry, with a determined mind of its own. No doubt I slouched too, as tall girls sometimes do, in hopes of appearing shorter.

My job was to greet shoppers as they entered the store and ascertain the purpose of their visit. "What is the darling project you have in mind today? May I see your pattern? Oh, yes, that will look just lovely on you. What color do you have in mind?" Then (and this was where I failed miserably) I was to show the customer a selection of fabrics that would be ideal for her pattern (and skin tone) and sell it to her. 

Dorothy had demonstrated this to me many times. With her captured customer in tow, she walked directly to the correct aisle where the perfect fabric was waiting. With a bullfighter's flourish of her manicured hand, she unrolled the top of the bolt and proudly displayed the fabric between the customer and herself. She had perfected a facial expression that she unrolled for display at the same time.  It said, "Here it is! This is just the thing! This will be beautiful in your pattern. I am so thrilled to be able to show it to you. You will love it!" Truly, Dorothy had a very expressive face. 

If there was a day when Dorothy did not make the sale, I didn't see it. Customers obediently followed her to the aisle of Dorothy's choice, and her confidence in her chosen fabric was infectious. How could a customer decline such an obviously perfect choice? Dorothy was, indeed, what you would call an expert sales clerk.  Excuse me-- an expert "customer service specialist." 

Driftless on Amazon
It didn't take me long to recognize that Dorothy had acquired several skills in salesmanship which I would very likely never have. The skill of getting there first to greet the customer was one that she, magically, it seemed, possessed.  And if there were two customers entering the store at the same time, she high-tailed it to the one that was dressed the nicest, more often than not, a middle-aged customer. I couldn't walk that fast without looking as if I were running. Further, Dorothy knew to skip the moderately priced fabrics. A well-dressed woman deserved to have the very finest fabrics presented to her. Obviously.  When Dorothy "allowed" me to take a customer, I discovered that it was frequently because she had another customer in her sights, a little way off. Someone she recognized. Someone that would spend more money than the customer I was helping. So, while I sold interfacing, linings, percale, and flannels, Dorothy sold Pendleton, silks, and velvets. 

Dorothy taught me a few lessons. The most important one was that I was not destined to be a salesperson. Even so, I'll continue to cart my book here and there to independent bookstores and I'll say, 

"I am an author and I've written this book." Then I place a copy of Driftless on the counter. "It's a historical novel and it won an award. Perhaps you'd consider carrying it in your bookstore?"   

----------------------

"What's it about? Well, it takes place in Minnesota but not the Land of 10,000 Lakes part of Minnesota.  The bluff country of Minnesota. The characters are farm families in the 1940s. A few of them speak Norwegian."

-----------------------

"Why? I guess they like their native tongue." 

-----------------------

"Oh. No.  They'd lived in this country since the 1870s--they're fifth and sixth-generation now, well, third-generation in the 1940s, in Driftless."                                       

------------------------

"No, no car crashes I'm afraid. No gunfights. And there's a young woman, a mother, who develops a mental illness and has to be sent away to a state hospital."

------------------------ 

"Yes--that part is sad, tragic even, but it's more than that. Most of the reviews about Driftless are glowing with praise for the book."

------------------------

"Yes, frankly I'm astonished, too. But well, there it is."





 

Saturday, January 16, 2021

Minnesota Kind of Fun Facts


Lake Superior from south of Grand Marais, Minnesota

I've gathered some mildly fun facts about Minnesota to share with you. Fun, yet rather ironic, for those of us who live (or once lived) in the far southern part of the state. After I tell you about them, you'll probably guess why I say that.
 
Some of these things I learned while I was in grade school, including the MN State song for example, and several other minimally useful bits of information that I can recite at a moments' notice. My husband suspects that if I would let some of that information go, I'd have room in my head for more useful information. Eh.

First fun fact: Every state has a state tree. Somewhere in the U.S. Consitution, it probably says something about that as a requirement for statehood although I've never found it. Minnesota was slow about getting around to it, however. They didn't name a state tree until 1953, nearly 100 years after statehood. First things first, I guess. Anyway, the Minnesota State Tree is the Red Pine, more commonly called the Norway Pine. It is an enormous, majestic tree.

Pines in St. Louis County, MN
Back in the day, when people in other parts of the country wanted their houses built out of wood, guess where a lot of that wood came from. Yup, northern Minnesota. Large crews of lumberjacks would take down trees all winter long, while the ground was frozen and slick. They'd cut the trees, then load the logs onto sleds pulled by teams of horses and drag those logs to the rivers to float downstream. It was an enormous business back then and a lot of people became wealthy from it. Not the lumberjacks themselves, mind you, but the people who speculated in land and had enough money where they should have been happy already, but that's the way our economy works. Alas.

Second fun fact: Minnesota also has a state fish and the state was even slower about naming the Walleye than they were about the Norway Pine. In 1965, the Walleye was chosen as the official state fish, otherwise known as Stizostedion vitreum. There are probably not many people in the state who know it by that name, but my husband is a fresh-water stream ecologist/AKA fish biologist and so I include it for his benefit. I don't know what other fish species were in the running for the title of official state fish, but I think it's unlikely that any of them cared one whit about the contest. 

Goin' fishing before breakfast, Bass Lake, northern MN

Walleye are a deliciously mild-flesh fish. It's especially wonderful when eaten fresh from the lake and fried over an open fire. Walleye love the cold, clear waters of northern Minnesota lakes. They got the name "walleye" because their eyes reflect light. (Okay, I didn't learn that part in grade school, and frankly, I don't see how the word "walleye" describes the reflective eye, but since I wasn't consulted, I'll sit on my hands on that one. 

Minnesotans like walleye so much that the DNR actually stocks walleye in about 1000 lakes in northern Minnesota.  All told, there are walleye in about two million acres of water in Minnesota. That may sound like a lot of water but it's not even all the water in Minnesota. You've probably heard that Minnesota is the Land of 10,000 lakes. In reality, Minnesota has more like 13,000 lakes but Minnesotans don't like to brag. 

Delphiniums growing wild along roadsides
Minnesota has a state grain, too. I have no idea whether all states have one, but if they do and if they're different in each state, it must have been pretty slim-pickins to find one that hadn't been used by the time the last few states were granted statehood. I'm pretty sure that no other state was able to vie for Minnesota's wild rice. It took Minnesota a long time to name this symbol, too, 1977.  I was nearly done with college by then. Honestly.

Wild rice is not at all related to common rice. It is in fact, an aquatic grass and is native to North America, primarily found in Minnesota. Nearly all the wild rice that is eaten in the world comes from Minnesota. The Minnesota DNR is quite proud of this rice that grows naturally in MN. They say that "Wild rice has a higher protein content than most cereal grains, making it a good food for wildlife and human." Sadly, when I have lived in or visited other states of our nation, wild rice is practically unheard of. I tried to buy some in Annapolis one time, and the store clerk asked me why I would want that. Hmph.
 
One really cool thing about wild rice is how it is harvested. Traditionally, native people will move slowly through the shallow waters in canoes where the wild rice grows and they will whack the stalks over the canoe so that the grains fall into the canoe.  That takes a good long while, so personally, I don't think we should complain about the price of wild rice. After the rice has been gathered, people roast the rice using various methods. Some wild rice is almost black, other times it is various shades of brown. The taste is changed slightly by whatever roasting process is used.  I recommend trying all of the variations.
  
Wild rice can be found in many an excellent wild rice hotdish recipe.  That might be the best way to try it out if it's your first time having it. I like it in a salad of chicken, red grapes, wild rice, celery, mayo...delicious. Write me if you want the recipe.

Lots of ice for ice hockey or ice fishing
For my last fun fact, I will tell you that the official state sport of Minnesota is ice hockey. (I guess it's called that, so as to not be confused with table hockey, which isn't even a sport in my opinion.) Minnesota was especially sluggish about naming this state symbol. It was 2009 for goodness sake! And it probably wouldn't have happened at all if not for 600 sixth-graders at Minnetonka Middle School East who signed a petition to make it happen. This was a good way for young people to try their hand at how politics works, I think. There was probably some influential quasi-adult/teacher/coach or something at the middle school who encouraged them to go for it if it was important to them, and the thing took off. Those children are now finished with graduate school and are in charge of some things in the country.

I should mention that I had never seen a game of hockey before moving to northern Minnesota in 1999. There IS no hockey in southeastern Minnesota where I grew up. When the game started and I saw some of the players come flying onto the ice over the walls, I thought they were going to riot! Nope. I learned that that's just how hockey players get on the ice. Who knew?

Moose Cow, northern Minnesota
Have you deduced why I made the remark that these fun facts are somewhat ironic for folks in southern Minnesota? It's quite simple, really. None of these four state symbols are found in southern Minnesota. If I had not lived in Duluth for years, these would likely not be very meaningful symbols to me. But now that I have lived in northern Minnesota, I'm rather proud of them.  Call me smug, but there is great beauty to be found in northern Minnesota. It's stunning! Lake Superior, of course, the Boundary Waters, and all the other lakes spread across the state along with the Norway pines that are now much smaller than the ones that were harvested in great volume years ago.  Wild rice is a wonderful grain. And walleye is as pleasing to eat as it is to catch. Well done, Minnesota! Excellent choices in state symbols.

Tuesday, January 12, 2021

COMING: Spring of 2021

NOW PUBLISHED!




by Ardys Brevig Richards

Publishing in the Spring of 2021. 

Until then, find snippets about Minnesota history, people, and places on this website. Many of these have inspired the writing of the author's first book, a quasi-historical novel.

Monday, January 11, 2021

Extra, Extra. Read all about it. "Immigrants Settle Norwegian Ridge"

Growing up on the family dairy farm in southeastern Minnesota, I nurtured an image of my agrarian Norwegian ancestors as wise and progressive people to have emigrated from Norway to America.  What I failed to appreciate in those days was that most of my ancestor immigrants were little more than children. A few studio portraits show them to be eighteen and nineteen-year-olds, wearing clothing that would have been considered neither new, fashionable nor costly for the time. 

They came to this country trusting in the letters written by the earlier Norwegian immigrants to America. My ancestors would have read letters that told them that the horrific American civil war was over at last. The letters would say, "The Indians have been moved farther west. There is good land here. I, myself have 160 acres that I got from the government for a mere filing fee. Hurry! Come now while there is still land to be had. You will have your own farm here!"  

Still, it must have been frightening for the young people to venture out on their first ocean voyage; many would make their berths on hay belowdecks. Perhaps once they'd reached land, they found themselves even more anxious about the journey? Passengers around them on the train spoke English and maybe there were a couple other languages, too, none of which they understood. They would communicate only with their Norwegian travel companions for those weeks on the water and while crossing the enormous landmass.

The travelers would have come to a small mountain range their first day on the train. While it looked nothing like their homeland, the topography of the Appalachians was likely rather pleasing, but all of that land was already taken. In my imagination, the vast plains that they crossed after the mountains were disheartening. They probably talked with each other about how flat the land was,  and how enormous the country was. They may have asked each other, "What do you think it'll be like in Minnesota?"

On a road approaching the Mississippi River, southern Houston County

I had failed to consider that most young immigrants never saw their families again, although that was the intention of many. Many came with so very little, perhaps only a small amount of money that the family had been able to scrape together to send them off to a world far away, and a slip of paper with the name of a Norwegian friend or relative that they should find when they arrived in Minnesota.


original Brevig homestead, est. 1870
Did they expect to be met by soil that was ready for planting? Or did they expect the reality that awaited them, heavily forested hills that required years of grubbing (cutting down trees and removing stumps) to make productive farms?  Could they have imagined that they might spend their first winter here in a cave alongside a creek? It was in an area of steeply wooded bluffs and lush valleys in Rooster/Yucatan Valley, in Black Hammer Township, where my great-grandfather Alf Amundsen Brevik and his young wife and infant daughter lived their first season in America. The story of that first winter was told me by my father, but whether they carved a small cave out of a sandstone cliff face or whether they found shelter in the much larger pre-existing cave is unknown. The "Catacombs of Yucatan" was the name given the cave that was there, with 272 feet of passages. It was used by the Oneota Indians in the 1600s. Either way, the Breviks would have been close to fresh creek water from a tributary on its way to the Root River before joining with the Mississippi River. 


Although immigrants came to America from many European nations, Norway was second only to Ireland in having the largest percentage of its population leave the homeland for America. "Between 1825 and 1925, nearly one million Norwegians left Norway, most of them going to America, and of those, the greatest majority went to Minnesota."

A valley of eastern Houston Co,
The first major wave of Norwegian immigrants within the Minnesota territory came in 1851, settling in the southeast, along the Mississippi River. These were primarily single young adults. Then, after the Homestead Act of 1862 was enacted in America, a second larger wave of immigrants came from Norway, many of them with their families.

A few communities were made up almost entirely of immigrants from one area of Norway. "For example, 1,135 of the 1,200-odd residents of Spring Grove, in Houston County, Minnesota were Norwegian by 1870; and the majority were from the Hallingdal region, northwest of Oslo."  Essentially, it was much like a village from Norway transplanting itself to a place more than 4,000 miles away. And later, yet a third major wave of immigrants came and pushed on to the Dakotas, California, and Alaska.

The part of Minnesota that was attractive to many Norwegian immigrants by the 1860s was an area that is now known as the Driftless Area. It includes southeastern Minnesota, southern Wisconsin, northeastern Iowa, and a small part of northwestern Illinois, all of which the glaciers circumvented. I was told decades ago by a first-generation descendant of those Norwegian immigrants that they chose to settle here because the bluff country reminded them of their homeland.

The town of Spring Grove is on the far horizon
Perhaps that is historically accurate, or perhaps it is that once we have something of our own, it is in our nature to decide that it is exactly what was wanted. Minnesota has no landscape comparable to Norway; there are no fiords or mountains. The Driftless Area is, however, picturesque with its forested bluffs and its creeks wending their way across Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin on their way to join the Mississippi River.

In communities like Decorah in Iowa, Westby in Wisconsin, and Spring Grove (originally known as Norwegian Ridge) in Minnesota, where the immigrants from Norway made up the bulk of the settlers, Norwegian continued to be spoken. Even well into the 1920s, sixty and seventy years after their grandparents emigrated, there were still children of Norwegian ancestry in rural areas of Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin that did not learn to speak English until they started to attend their one-room country schoolhouses. My mother was such a child. When she started first grade, another bilingual student interpreted for her.

Root River flows through this valley to the Mississippi. 
By 1920, most Norwegian-Americans had never seen their revered homeland but in spite of that, a shared heritage provided a glue that knit the people in Minnesota together. Children of rural Norwegian-Americans tended to marry other children of Norwegian-American heritage for decades. In fact, I remember quite well when in 1964, my sister's groom was not of Norwegian-American ancestry. It was a topic of conversation among the parents and grandparents. "He's 
German, you know." The response was usually something like, "Oh, ya, well I s'pose he's not from Spring Grove, den."